Phlebotomy....

PHLEBOTOMY

Phlebotomy : collection of blood...

* REQUIREMENTS FOR BLOOD COLLECTION :

1.Needles :

•   18 G for blood transfusion
•   21 G for adults
•   23 G for children
•   Bevel length should be 20 mm for adults and 15 mm for kids.
  
  
  

2.Syringes : 

• 2ml,3ml,5ml,10ml and 20ml as per requirement of specimen.
• Always use sterilized(Glass syringe) or disposable syring.
• Do not use wet syringe because it leads to hemolsis of blood

3.vacutainers

• Vacutainer are used to collect the blood by venipuncture
  
  
  
  

* TYPES OF VACUTAINER

      

    Different vacutainers are used based on additives and volumes. (Identified by colour of stopper/cap

• Red : Non additive or silicon coated which accelerates clot formation
  
  
  
• Blue: Citrate containing 
• Green : Heparin containing
• Lavender/pink : EDTA containing
• Grey : Oxalate/fluoride
• Red : Serum separator
• Yellow with gel to avoid contact of RBC& Plasma

4.Tourniquet : Polyester Strap , 30 to 40 cm in length 

*METHODS

(1)Caillary puncture : 

• Finger prick
  
  
  
• Lancet or Needle used for this 
• Heel or great toe prick for small children and infants 
• 70 % alcohol is used as antiseptic

(2) Vein puncture : 

• Median cubital vein (Antecubital fossa) is the most common site.
• Arm with an inserted intravenous line and extensive scarring and hematoma should be avoided
• veins on the back of hand and ankle